The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint, where the femoral head (thigh bone) fits into the acetabulum (pelvic bone). Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty, or Partial Hip Replacement, is a surgical procedure that replaces only the damaged femoral head with an artificial implant while preserving the natural hip socket.
This procedure is commonly performed for femoral neck fractures, a type of hip fracture where the femoral head is damaged due to trauma, osteoporosis, or aging-related wear.
A bipolar implant has two articulating surfaces:
One where the femoral head interacts with the acetabulum (preserved natural cartilage)
Another where the implant head moves within the stem
This design helps reduce wear and tear on the acetabulum, making it a preferred choice for elderly patients with fragile bones.
Partial Hip Replacement (Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty) – Replaces only the femoral head, keeping the natural hip socket intact.
Total Hip Replacement – Replaces both the femoral head and acetabulum with artificial implants.
This procedure is best suited for elderly patients with hip fractures, especially those with:
Femoral neck fractures with minimal socket damage
Osteoporosis or poor bone quality
Limited mobility and low activity levels
Higher risk for anesthesia complications (such as heart or lung conditions)
Since these individuals are at risk for complications like bed sores, aspiration pneumonia, and worsening of pre-existing conditions, early mobilization after surgery is crucial for recovery.
Depending on age and bone strength, the procedure may involve:
1.Cemented implants – Ideal for weaker bones, ensuring immediate stability.
2.Uncemented implants – Used for stronger bones, allowing natural bone growth to secure the implant.
While early mobilization is encouraged—most patients start walking with assistance the next day—rehabilitation plays a crucial role in regaining strength, balance, and function. Physiotherapy is recommended to ensure optimal recovery and prevent complications.
The decision between Partial hip replacement surgery and Total Hip Replacement surgery is complex and depends on various factors, including age, activity level, bone quality, and overall health.
At Mahi Clinic, Chennai, Dr. Vijay Kumar Sohanlal, a leading orthopeadic surgeon, carefully evaluates each patient to determine the best treatment approach for long-term mobility and pain relief.
Expert orthopedic care, advanced treatments and personalized recovery plans
